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cortisol
Cortisol
C21 steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal cortex zona fasciculata. Primary glucocorticoid in humans; orchestrates metabolic adaptation to stress via intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), regulating gluconeogenesis, immune suppression, and anti-inflammation.
Entry Metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ID | cortisol |
| Name | Cortisol |
| Status | draft |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-04 |
| Atlas | 01-human |
| Scale | 03-molecular |
| Gene Symbol | CYP11B1 |
| Uniprot | P08235 |
| Note | CYP11B1 (11β-hydroxylase) catalyzes the final synthesis step; P08235 is the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 |
Cross-Atlas Connections
modulatesImmune System
modulatesLiver
modulatesNervous System
modulatesCardiovascular System
modulated-byNervous System
modulated-byAshwagandha
targetsGlucocorticoid Receptor
modulated-byHippocampus
modulated-byAdrenal Gland
connects-toPtsd
connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder
connects-toGeneralized Anxiety Disorder
connects-toAnorexia Nervosa
connects-toBorderline Personality Disorder
connects-toInsomnia Disorder
modulated-byCrh
modulated-byActh
Sources
- Hench PS, Kendall EC, Slocumb CH, Polley HF. The effect of a hormone of the adrenal cortex (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone; compound E) and of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone on rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1949;24(8):181-97. · PubMed 18140699
- Sapolsky RM, Romero LM, Munck AU. How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions. Endocr Rev. 2000;21(1):55-89.
- Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(20):1351-62.
- Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(20):1351-62.