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major-depressive-disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disorder (280M affected) involves serotonergic/noradrenergic deficit, HPA dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and reduced BDNF neuroplasticity; SSRIs/SNRIs are first-line; ketamine (IV racemic or nasal esketamine) is the fastest-acting approved antidepressant.
Entry Metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ID | major-depressive-disorder |
| Name | Major Depressive Disorder |
| Status | draft |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-08 |
| Atlas | 01-human |
| Scale | 07-system |
Cross-Atlas Connections
connects-toSerotonin
connects-toNorepinephrine
connects-toCortisol
connects-toCrh
connects-toBdnf
targetsBrain
connects-toActh
connects-toProlactin
connects-toTestosterone
connects-toEstrogen
connects-toThyroid Hormones
connects-toProgesterone
connects-toMelatonin
connects-toVasopressin
connects-toLeptin
treated-byFluoxetine
Sources
- Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G, et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018;391(10128):1357-1366. · PubMed 29477251
- Zarate CA Jr, Singh JB, Carlson PJ, et al. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63(8):856-864. · PubMed 16894061
- Duman RS, Aghajanian GK. Synaptic dysfunction in depression: potential therapeutic targets. Science. 2012;338(6103):68-72. · PubMed 23042884