Atlas One · Host Biology · Scale 07 — System

Type 2 Diabetes

Chronic metabolic disease from progressive insulin resistance and β-cell failure. Driven by obesity and inactivity. First-line: metformin (AMPK activation); GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors provide cardiovascular and renal benefit beyond glycemic control.

Also known as: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, NIDDM, adult-onset diabetes

Scale 07 — SystemScale
draftStatus
2026-06-06Last Reviewed
This is an auto-generated stub page built from atlas entry frontmatter. A richer hand-crafted page is planned. See the atlas source for the full entry including detailed body sections.
type-2-diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes

Chronic metabolic disease from progressive insulin resistance and β-cell failure. Driven by obesity and inactivity. First-line: metformin (AMPK activation); GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors provide cardiovascular and renal benefit beyond glycemic control.

Entry Metadata

FieldValue
IDtype-2-diabetes
NameType 2 Diabetes
Statusdraft
Last reviewed2026-06-06
Atlas01-human
Scale07-system

Cross-Atlas Connections

connects-toInsulin connects-toAmpk connects-toCkd connects-toHypertension connects-toGlp 1 connects-toSglt2 connects-toRage connects-toGhrelin connects-toGrowth Hormone connects-toMelatonin connects-toLeptin connects-toSclerostin connects-toCcl2 connects-toObesity connects-toAtherosclerosis connects-toAdipocyte connects-toGlucagon connects-toPancreas connects-toStroke connects-toEye connects-toPeripheral Nerve connects-toLiver connects-toDiabetic Retinopathy connects-toHeart Failure connects-toTnf Alpha connects-toMagnesium connects-toGut Microbiome connects-toCortisol connects-toZinc connects-toKidney connects-toMacrophage connects-toHeart connects-toEndothelial Cell connects-toPotassium connects-toErythrocyte connects-toSkin connects-toPhoton connects-toHemoglobin connects-toElectron connects-toLarge Intestine connects-toNeuron connects-toAntibody connects-toWound Healing connects-toNash connects-toPodocyte connects-toReproductive System connects-toHepatocyte connects-toIl 6 connects-toAlzheimers Disease connects-toNf Kb connects-toVenous Thromboembolism connects-toSepsis connects-toPancreatic Cancer connects-toCandida Albicans connects-toTuberculosis connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder connects-toOsteoporosis connects-toAspergillus Fumigatus connects-toNeuropathic Pain connects-toDigestive System connects-toGeneralized Anxiety Disorder connects-toEndocrine System connects-toIntegumentary System connects-toImmune System connects-toCardiovascular System connects-toNervous System connects-toMusculoskeletal System connects-toMetformin connects-toRenal System connects-toRespiratory System connects-toStatins connects-toGlomerulus connects-toType 1 Diabetes connects-toIslet Of Langerhans connects-toArterial Wall connects-toGout connects-toEndometrial Cancer connects-toMyocardium connects-toCortical Bone connects-toCovid 19 Disease connects-toHcc connects-toColorectal Cancer connects-toAdiponectin connects-toResistin connects-toEndothelin 1 connects-toIl 1B connects-toNlrp3 Inflammasome connects-toHif 1Alpha connects-toFoxo1 connects-toGalectin 3 connects-toNitric Oxide connects-toInsulin Receptor connects-toVegf connects-toTgf Beta connects-toAkt connects-toMtor connects-toPcsk9 connects-toPik3Ca connects-toGsk 3B connects-toErk1 2 connects-toTlr4 connects-toMyd88 connects-toNfe2L2 connects-toStat3 connects-toCgas Sting connects-toSmad4 connects-toJak1 2 connects-toStat1 connects-toS100A8 A9 connects-toFoxo connects-toSrc Kinase connects-toPerforin connects-toAutophagy connects-toDnmt3A connects-toCcr5 connects-toCxcl12 connects-toComplement C3 connects-toCdkn2A connects-toIl 33 connects-toIl 17A connects-toArid1A connects-toCalcium connects-toTestosterone connects-toXanthine Oxidase connects-toTroponin Complex connects-toMu Opioid Receptor connects-toDopamine connects-toCholesterol connects-toIl 10 connects-toAldosterone connects-toSodium connects-toIl 4 connects-toSerotonin connects-toIl 13 connects-toCalcium connects-toPotassium connects-toHepcidin connects-toSelenium connects-toBrain connects-toIl 12 connects-toType I Interferon connects-toIfn Gamma connects-toIl 5 connects-toIl 23 connects-toIge connects-toT Helper Cell connects-toT Cytotoxic Cell connects-toMast Cell connects-toB Cell connects-toDendritic Cell connects-toC5Ar1 connects-toTslp connects-toBradykinin connects-toErythropoietin connects-toC1 Esterase Inhibitor connects-toHistamine connects-toPeriostin connects-toProlactin connects-toOxytocin connects-toVasopressin connects-toIodine connects-toCopper connects-toPhosphorus connects-toIron connects-toChloride connects-toSulfur connects-toNitrogen connects-toOxygen connects-toCarbon connects-toPd 1 connects-toAngiotensin Ii connects-toWnt Beta Catenin connects-toHydrogen connects-toRankl connects-toIl 2 connects-toFibronectin connects-toNotch connects-toIgf 1 connects-toActivin A connects-toCgrp connects-toCalcitonin connects-toSubstance P connects-toAndrogen Receptor connects-toNorepinephrine connects-toAdrenomedullin connects-toBdnf connects-toOsteopontin connects-toFgfr connects-toEpinephrine connects-toRenin connects-toMyostatin connects-toAngiopoietin connects-toCortisol