Atlas One · Host Biology · Scale 07 — System

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults; hyperglycemia → pericyte loss → microaneurysms → neovascularization (PDR) → vitreous hemorrhage. VEGF + Ang-2 drive macular edema; anti-VEGF and faricimab are the treatment standard.

Also known as: DR, diabetic eye disease, non-proliferative DR, NPDR, proliferative DR, PDR, diabetic macular edema, DME, center-involving DME

Scale 07 — SystemScale
draftStatus
2026-06-07Last Reviewed
This is an auto-generated stub page built from atlas entry frontmatter. A richer hand-crafted page is planned. See the atlas source for the full entry including detailed body sections.
diabetic-retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults; hyperglycemia → pericyte loss → microaneurysms → neovascularization (PDR) → vitreous hemorrhage. VEGF + Ang-2 drive macular edema; anti-VEGF and faricimab are the treatment standard.

Entry Metadata

FieldValue
IDdiabetic-retinopathy
NameDiabetic Retinopathy
Statusdraft
Last reviewed2026-06-07
Atlas01-human
Scale07-system

Cross-Atlas Connections

connects-toAngiopoietin connects-toVegf connects-toHypertension targetsEye connects-toWound Healing connects-toType 1 Diabetes connects-toEndothelial Cell connects-toHif 1Alpha connects-toType 2 Diabetes connects-toCkd connects-toNeuropathic Pain connects-toPhoton connects-toAtherosclerosis connects-toNeuron connects-toRage connects-toObesity connects-toSickle Cell Disease connects-toOxygen connects-toInsulin connects-toKidney connects-toPlatelet connects-toMicroglia connects-toFibrosis connects-toPdgf connects-toComplement C3 connects-toAstrocyte connects-toCollagen connects-toMacrophage connects-toNitric Oxide connects-toNf Kb connects-toPancreas connects-toMast Cell connects-toBrain connects-toErythrocyte connects-toErythropoietin connects-toElectron connects-toSmooth Muscle Cell connects-toMagnesium connects-toHemoglobin connects-toFibronectin connects-toNeutrophil connects-toAntibody connects-toFibroblast connects-toReproductive System connects-toStroke connects-toIl 6 connects-toT Helper Cell connects-toPeripheral Nerve connects-toTnf Alpha connects-toCardiovascular System connects-toStat3 connects-toGlp 1 connects-toNervous System connects-toAnemia Of Chronic Disease connects-toHeart Failure connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder connects-toGeneralized Anxiety Disorder connects-toCandida Albicans connects-toAlzheimers Disease connects-toEndocrine System connects-toStaphylococcus Aureus connects-toMusculoskeletal System connects-toImmune System connects-toIntegumentary System connects-toDigestive System connects-toRespiratory System connects-toLymphatic System connects-toStaphylococcus Aureus connects-toRenal System connects-toTargeted Therapy connects-toMetformin connects-toDexamethasone connects-toGlomerulus connects-toAce Inhibitors connects-toPolycythemia Vera connects-toSynapse connects-toArterial Wall connects-toVhl Disease connects-toBone Marrow connects-toMyocardium connects-toCovid 19 Disease connects-toComplement C5 connects-toThalassemia connects-toAngiotensin Ii connects-toEndothelin 1 connects-toIl 1B connects-toCcl2 connects-toNlrp3 Inflammasome connects-toAkt connects-toIgf 1 connects-toCxcl12 connects-toBradykinin connects-toGlucocorticoid Receptor connects-toGlutamate connects-toCaspase 3 connects-toNfe2L2 connects-toConnexin43 connects-toAquaporin 4 connects-toErk1 2 connects-toMtor connects-toIl 17A connects-toTlr4 connects-toJak1 2 connects-toPik3Ca connects-toGalectin 3 connects-toSmad4 connects-toCgas Sting connects-toStat1 connects-toFoxo connects-toS100A8 A9 connects-toGsk 3B connects-toSrc Kinase connects-toCdk4 6 connects-toAmpk connects-toAutophagy connects-toDnmt3A connects-toCcr5 connects-toIl 33 connects-toAdenosine connects-toArid1A connects-toCalcineurin connects-toOsteopontin connects-toBdnf connects-toXanthine Oxidase connects-toSglt2 connects-toCholesterol connects-toLeptin connects-toAdiponectin connects-toIl 10 connects-toAldosterone connects-toProstaglandins connects-toIl 4 connects-toPcsk9 connects-toZinc connects-toIl 13 connects-toResistin connects-toCopper connects-toThrombin connects-toSelenium connects-toHepcidin connects-toType I Interferon connects-toIfn Gamma connects-toIl 12 connects-toIl 5 connects-toIl 23 connects-toIge connects-toC5Ar1 connects-toT Cytotoxic Cell connects-toNatural Killer Cell connects-toFactor H connects-toTransferrin connects-toDendritic Cell connects-toTslp connects-toC1 Esterase Inhibitor connects-toHistamine connects-toPeriostin connects-toMelatonin connects-toProlactin connects-toTestosterone connects-toSerotonin connects-toOxytocin connects-toVasopressin connects-toIodine connects-toSodium connects-toCalcium connects-toPotassium connects-toIron connects-toChloride connects-toSulfur connects-toPhosphorus connects-toNitrogen connects-toCarbon connects-toHydrogen connects-toPd 1 connects-toWnt Beta Catenin connects-toRankl connects-toIl 2 connects-toTgf Beta connects-toNotch connects-toActivin A connects-toCgrp connects-toCalcitonin connects-toSubstance P connects-toInsulin Receptor connects-toAndrogen Receptor connects-toNorepinephrine connects-toAdrenomedullin connects-toFgfr connects-toEpinephrine connects-toRenin connects-toMyostatin connects-toCortisol connects-toGlucagon