This is an auto-generated stub page built from atlas entry frontmatter. A richer
hand-crafted page is planned. See the
atlas source
for the full entry including detailed body sections.
type-1-diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells → absolute insulin deficiency; CD8+ and CD4+ Th1 cells target GAD65, IA-2, and insulin antigens. Staged by autoantibody seropositivity; teplizumab (anti-CD3) delays clinical onset; managed with insulin replacement.
Entry Metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ID | type-1-diabetes |
| Name | Type 1 Diabetes |
| Status | draft |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-06 |
| Atlas | 01-human |
| Scale | 07-system |
Cross-Atlas Connections
connects-toT Cytotoxic Cell
connects-toT Helper Cell
connects-toRegulatory T Cell
connects-toB Cell
treated-byInsulin
connects-toPancreas
connects-toCoxsackievirus B
connects-toDiabetic Retinopathy
connects-toType 2 Diabetes
connects-toMhc Class Ii
connects-toCkd
connects-toNeuropathic Pain
connects-toWound Healing
connects-toDendritic Cell
connects-toPemphigus Vulgaris
connects-toNarcolepsy
connects-toAtherosclerosis
connects-toImmune System
connects-toGlucagon
connects-toEndocrine System
connects-toGut Microbiome
connects-toVitamin D
connects-toEpinephrine
connects-toThyroid
connects-toPotassium
connects-toCortisol
connects-toZinc
connects-toType I Interferon
connects-toMacrophage
connects-toHydrogen
connects-toLiver
connects-toAdipocyte
connects-toPeripheral Nerve
connects-toPhoton
connects-toKidney
connects-toElectron
connects-toErythrocyte
connects-toSodium
connects-toAntibody
connects-toHemoglobin
connects-toEye
connects-toAdrenal Gland
connects-toReproductive System
connects-toEndothelial Cell
connects-toIl 2
connects-toNatural Killer Cell
connects-toSmall Intestine
connects-toNlrp3 Inflammasome
connects-toNeutrophil
connects-toAnorexia Nervosa
connects-toNf Kb
connects-toVenous Thromboembolism
connects-toSepsis
connects-toCandida Albicans
connects-toStroke
connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder
connects-toHeart Failure
connects-toOsteoporosis
connects-toAspergillus Fumigatus
connects-toDigestive System
connects-toIntegumentary System
connects-toGeneralized Anxiety Disorder
connects-toNervous System
connects-toMusculoskeletal System
connects-toCardiovascular System
connects-toRespiratory System
connects-toMycobacterium Tuberculosis
connects-toStaphylococcus Aureus
connects-toLymphatic System
connects-toRotavirus
connects-toCheckpoint Inhibitors
connects-toIslet Of Langerhans
connects-toTargeted Therapy
connects-toGlomerulus
connects-toArterial Wall
connects-toGerminal Center
connects-toCovid 19 Disease
connects-toPsoriasis
connects-toCystic Fibrosis
connects-toMyocardium
connects-toCortical Bone
connects-toCardiac Conduction System
connects-toRheumatoid Arthritis
connects-toIfn Gamma
connects-toIl 1B
connects-toPerforin
connects-toCtla 4
connects-toPd 1
connects-toIl 17A
connects-toCd20
connects-toTnf Alpha
connects-toCaspase 3
connects-toJak1 2
connects-toGaba
connects-toBaff
connects-toRig I
connects-toStat1
connects-toBcl 2
connects-toMyd88
connects-toCgas Sting
connects-toIl 12
connects-toAkt
connects-toTgf Beta
connects-toIl 10
connects-toGalectin 3
connects-toStat3
connects-toSmad4
connects-toFoxo
connects-toS100A8 A9
connects-toErk1 2
connects-toGsk 3B
connects-toHif 1Alpha
connects-toPik3Ca
connects-toSrc Kinase
connects-toAutophagy
connects-toDnmt3A
connects-toAmpk
connects-toCcr5
connects-toCxcl12
connects-toIl 33
connects-toComplement C3
connects-toCalcineurin
connects-toCalcium
connects-toImmunoglobulin G
connects-toGlutamate
connects-toProton
connects-toBrain
connects-toIl 4
connects-toXanthine Oxidase
connects-toVegf
connects-toNitric Oxide
connects-toGlp 1
connects-toIl 13
connects-toProstaglandins
connects-toLeptin
connects-toMagnesium
connects-toAdiponectin
connects-toResistin
connects-toMacrophage
connects-toHepcidin
connects-toIl 23
connects-toIl 5
connects-toIge
connects-toPlasma Cell
connects-toIl 6
connects-toMast Cell
connects-toComplement C5
connects-toC5Ar1
connects-toSelenium
connects-toFactor H
connects-toC1 Esterase Inhibitor
connects-toTransferrin
connects-toTslp
connects-toBradykinin
connects-toErythropoietin
connects-toHistamine
connects-toPeriostin
connects-toMelatonin
connects-toTestosterone
connects-toSerotonin
connects-toProlactin
connects-toOxytocin
connects-toVasopressin
connects-toIodine
connects-toIron
connects-toCopper
connects-toPhosphorus
connects-toChloride
connects-toSulfur
connects-toCarbon
connects-toNitrogen
connects-toOxygen
connects-toAngiotensin Ii
connects-toWnt Beta Catenin
connects-toRankl
connects-toFibronectin
connects-toNotch
connects-toIgf 1
connects-toActivin A
connects-toCgrp
connects-toCalcitonin
connects-toSubstance P
connects-toInsulin Receptor
connects-toAldosterone
connects-toAndrogen Receptor
connects-toNorepinephrine
connects-toAdrenomedullin
connects-toBdnf
connects-toOsteopontin
connects-toFgfr
connects-toRenin
connects-toMyostatin
connects-toAngiopoietin
Sources
- Atkinson MA, Eisenbarth GS, Michels AW. Type 1 diabetes. Lancet. 2014;383(9911):69-82. · PubMed 23890997
- Herold KC, Bundy BN, Long SA, et al. An anti-CD3 antibody, teplizumab, in relatives at risk for type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(7):603-613. · PubMed 31180675
- Insel RA, Dunne JL, Atkinson MA, et al. Staging presymptomatic type 1 diabetes: a scientific statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(10):1964-1974. · PubMed 26404926