Atlas One · Host Biology · Scale 07 — System

Cytokine Storm

Dysregulated systemic immune amplification with massive cytokine release (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ). Macrophage-T cell loop causes ARDS, DIC, organ failure. Triggers: COVID-19, CAR-T CRS, HLH. Treatment: tocilizumab, dexamethasone, anakinra.

Also known as: cytokine storm, cytokine release syndrome, CRS, hypercytokinemia, macrophage activation syndrome, MAS, HLH

Scale 07 — SystemScale
draftStatus
2026-06-06Last Reviewed
This is an auto-generated stub page built from atlas entry frontmatter. A richer hand-crafted page is planned. See the atlas source for the full entry including detailed body sections.
cytokine-storm

Cytokine Storm

Dysregulated systemic immune amplification with massive cytokine release (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ). Macrophage-T cell loop causes ARDS, DIC, organ failure. Triggers: COVID-19, CAR-T CRS, HLH. Treatment: tocilizumab, dexamethasone, anakinra.

Entry Metadata

FieldValue
IDcytokine-storm
NameCytokine Storm
Statusdraft
Last reviewed2026-06-06
Atlas01-human
Scale07-system

Cross-Atlas Connections

modulated-byMacrophage modulated-byIl 6 modulated-byTnf Alpha modulated-byNf Kb modulatesLung modulated-byDexamethasone connects-toOseltamivir modulated-byT Helper Cell connects-toDengue Fever connects-toDisseminated Intravascular Coagulation connects-toCovid 19 Disease connects-toGvhd connects-toIl 1B connects-toSepsis connects-toInfluenza connects-toT Cytotoxic Cell connects-toNlrp3 Inflammasome connects-toNatural Killer Cell connects-toRheumatoid Arthritis connects-toArds connects-toEndothelial Cell connects-toJak1 2 connects-toIfn Gamma connects-toLiver connects-toKidney connects-toPerforin connects-toSpleen connects-toRegulatory T Cell connects-toOxygen connects-toHeart connects-toNeutrophil connects-toHydrogen connects-toBone Marrow connects-toPlatelet connects-toPhoton connects-toIron connects-toBrain connects-toElectron connects-toLarge Intestine connects-toCalcium connects-toAntibody connects-toNeuron connects-toErythrocyte connects-toIl 10 connects-toCardiomyocyte connects-toMalaria connects-toComplement C5 connects-toDendritic Cell connects-toAll connects-toIl 2 connects-toStreptococcus Pyogenes connects-toSystemic Lupus Erythematosus connects-toStat3 connects-toCkd connects-toVenous Thromboembolism connects-toMultiple Myeloma connects-toHeart Failure connects-toStroke connects-toDlbcl connects-toAll connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder connects-toImmune System connects-toRespiratory System connects-toNervous System connects-toCardiovascular System connects-toLymphatic System connects-toDigestive System connects-toRenal System connects-toIntegumentary System connects-toMusculoskeletal System connects-toCar T connects-toSars Cov 2 connects-toEbola Virus connects-toTargeted Therapy connects-toCancer Chemotherapy connects-toMyocardium connects-toAlveolus connects-toGlomerulus connects-toHepatic Lobule connects-toArterial Wall connects-toRsv connects-toBurkitt Lymphoma connects-toEpstein Barr Virus connects-toStaphylococcus Aureus connects-toType I Interferon connects-toC5Ar1 connects-toIl 17A connects-toHif 1Alpha connects-toCcl2 connects-toTlr4 connects-toS100A8 A9 connects-toFibrinogen connects-toRage connects-toCgas Sting connects-toHepcidin connects-toGlucocorticoid Receptor connects-toThrombin connects-toIl 12 connects-toNitric Oxide connects-toComplement C3 connects-toMyd88 connects-toMavs connects-toStat1 connects-toMtor connects-toGalectin 3 connects-toAkt connects-toErk1 2 connects-toPik3Ca connects-toSmad4 connects-toFoxo connects-toGsk 3B connects-toBtk connects-toAmpk connects-toSrc Kinase connects-toAutophagy connects-toCcr5 connects-toDnmt3A connects-toVegf connects-toCxcl12 connects-toIl 33 connects-toAdenosine connects-toArid1A connects-toCalcineurin connects-toOsteopontin connects-toTroponin Complex connects-toHemoglobin connects-toMhc Class Ii connects-toAngiopoietin connects-toVon Willebrand Factor connects-toProtein C connects-toProstaglandins connects-toBradykinin connects-toXanthine Oxidase connects-toIl 4 connects-toIl 13 connects-toResistin connects-toLeptin connects-toAdiponectin connects-toPd 1 connects-toNatural Killer Cell connects-toEndothelial Cell connects-toCovid 19 Disease connects-toIl 23 connects-toIl 5 connects-toMast Cell connects-toIge connects-toPlasma Cell connects-toB Cell connects-toFactor H connects-toC1 Esterase Inhibitor connects-toTransferrin connects-toFibronectin connects-toCollagen connects-toPeriostin connects-toTslp connects-toErythropoietin connects-toHistamine connects-toMelatonin connects-toTestosterone connects-toProlactin connects-toOxytocin connects-toVasopressin connects-toSerotonin connects-toSelenium connects-toIodine connects-toSodium connects-toMagnesium connects-toCopper connects-toZinc connects-toPotassium connects-toPhosphorus connects-toChloride connects-toCarbon connects-toNitrogen connects-toSulfur connects-toGlp 1 connects-toAngiotensin Ii connects-toWnt Beta Catenin connects-toRankl connects-toNotch connects-toIgf 1 connects-toActivin A connects-toTgf Beta connects-toCgrp connects-toCalcitonin connects-toSubstance P connects-toInsulin Receptor connects-toAldosterone connects-toAndrogen Receptor connects-toNorepinephrine connects-toAdrenomedullin connects-toBdnf connects-toFgfr