Atlas One · Host Biology · Scale 07 — System

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.; sand fly vector) causes cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), and visceral (VL/kala-azar) disease; IL-12/IFN-γ/iNOS axis controls Leishmania in macrophages; liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) is first-line for VL; miltefosine is the only oral agent.

Also known as: kala-azar, visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, VL, CL, MCL, PKDL, Leishmania, black fever, dumdum fever

Scale 07 — SystemScale
draftStatus
2026-06-08Last Reviewed
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leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.; sand fly vector) causes cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), and visceral (VL/kala-azar) disease; IL-12/IFN-γ/iNOS axis controls Leishmania in macrophages; liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) is first-line for VL; miltefosine is the only oral agent.