Atlas One · Host Biology · Scale 07 — System

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from cigarette smoke-induced alveolar destruction (emphysema) and airway remodeling; FEV1/FVC <0.7 defines obstruction. Bronchodilators (LABA/LAMA) are first-line; inhaled corticosteroids reduce exacerbations in eosinophilic COPD.

Also known as: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, COPD-asthma overlap, ACO

Scale 07 — SystemScale
draftStatus
2026-06-06Last Reviewed
This is an auto-generated stub page built from atlas entry frontmatter. A richer hand-crafted page is planned. See the atlas source for the full entry including detailed body sections.
copd

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from cigarette smoke-induced alveolar destruction (emphysema) and airway remodeling; FEV1/FVC <0.7 defines obstruction. Bronchodilators (LABA/LAMA) are first-line; inhaled corticosteroids reduce exacerbations in eosinophilic COPD.

Entry Metadata

FieldValue
IDcopd
NameCOPD
Statusdraft
Last reviewed2026-06-06
Atlas01-human
Scale07-system

Cross-Atlas Connections

targetsRespiratory System connects-toTgf Beta connects-toMacrophage connects-toNeutrophil connects-toLung connects-toAsthma connects-toIl 1B connects-toCystic Fibrosis connects-toHeart connects-toStreptococcus Pneumoniae connects-toNsclc connects-toRsv connects-toCarbon connects-toPulmonary Arterial Hypertension connects-toInfluenza connects-toOsteoporosis connects-toAlveolus connects-toType Ii Pneumocyte connects-toOxygen connects-toSmooth Muscle Cell connects-toCardiovascular System connects-toMajor Depressive Disorder connects-toFibrosis connects-toGut Microbiome connects-toGeneralized Anxiety Disorder connects-toVitamin D connects-toErythropoietin connects-toNitric Oxide connects-toHydrogen connects-toCollagen connects-toT Cytotoxic Cell connects-toBrain connects-toFibroblast connects-toTnf Alpha connects-toPhoton connects-toEndothelial Cell connects-toBone Marrow connects-toElectron connects-toSkin connects-toKidney connects-toErythrocyte connects-toMusculoskeletal System connects-toLiver connects-toHeart Failure connects-toTestosterone connects-toAdipocyte connects-toT Helper Cell connects-toAtherosclerosis connects-toIl 6 connects-toHif 1Alpha connects-toAspergillus Fumigatus connects-toVenous Thromboembolism connects-toNf Kb connects-toSepsis connects-toAnemia Of Chronic Disease connects-toCandida Albicans connects-toStroke connects-toSclc connects-toType 2 Diabetes connects-toGout connects-toAlzheimers Disease connects-toDigestive System connects-toEndocrine System connects-toNervous System connects-toImmune System connects-toRenal System connects-toIntegumentary System connects-toCorticosteroids connects-toReproductive System connects-toLymphatic System connects-toBeta Blockers connects-toSars Cov 2 connects-toObesity connects-toLung Slice connects-toMyocardium connects-toTargeted Therapy connects-toCardiac Conduction System connects-toArterial Wall connects-toCkd connects-toTuberculosis connects-toPolycythemia Vera connects-toCortical Bone connects-toNfe2L2 connects-toWnt Beta Catenin connects-toDendritic Cell connects-toNlrp3 Inflammasome connects-toCcl2 connects-toPerforin connects-toVegf connects-toIl 17A connects-toS100A8 A9 connects-toEgfr connects-toCaspase 3 connects-toTlr4 connects-toAcetylcholine connects-toEpinephrine connects-toGlucocorticoid Receptor connects-toIl 13 connects-toIfn Gamma connects-toSurfactant connects-toMyd88 connects-toMtor connects-toJak1 2 connects-toAkt connects-toErk1 2 connects-toGalectin 3 connects-toStat3 connects-toCgas Sting connects-toStat1 connects-toFoxo connects-toSmad4 connects-toGsk 3B connects-toPik3Ca connects-toAmpk connects-toAutophagy connects-toSrc Kinase connects-toCcr5 connects-toDnmt3A connects-toCxcl12 connects-toIl 33 connects-toComplement C3 connects-toArid1A connects-toCalcineurin connects-toAdenosine connects-toHemoglobin connects-toTroponin Complex connects-toSecretory Iga connects-toProton connects-toXanthine Oxidase connects-toMu Opioid Receptor connects-toProstaglandins connects-toIl 5 connects-toEndothelin 1 connects-toIl 4 connects-toLeptin connects-toIron connects-toCopper connects-toAdiponectin connects-toResistin connects-toAsthma connects-toPulmonary Arterial Hypertension connects-toSmooth Muscle Cell connects-toIl 23 connects-toIl 12 connects-toType I Interferon connects-toIge connects-toMast Cell connects-toNatural Killer Cell connects-toC5Ar1 connects-toPeriostin connects-toTslp connects-toComplement C5 connects-toFactor H connects-toTransferrin connects-toBradykinin connects-toC1 Esterase Inhibitor connects-toHistamine connects-toMelatonin connects-toSerotonin connects-toProlactin connects-toOxytocin connects-toVasopressin connects-toSelenium connects-toIodine connects-toSodium connects-toMagnesium connects-toZinc connects-toPotassium connects-toCalcium connects-toPhosphorus connects-toChloride connects-toSulfur connects-toNitrogen connects-toPd 1 connects-toGlp 1 connects-toAngiotensin Ii connects-toIl 2 connects-toRankl connects-toFibronectin connects-toNotch connects-toIgf 1 connects-toActivin A connects-toCgrp connects-toCalcitonin connects-toSubstance P connects-toInsulin Receptor connects-toAldosterone connects-toAndrogen Receptor connects-toNorepinephrine connects-toAdrenomedullin connects-toBdnf connects-toOsteopontin connects-toFgfr